South african road markings manual

Within respectively see Chapter 9. In this way an acceptable compromise worded messages only, should do so within a rectangular between the conflicting objectives, for a road traffic shape in white letters or numerals on a black sign, of being seen by road users but of not causing an background. The provision of a border on such signs is unacceptable environmental intrusion, may be optional but recommended. The border may be achieved. It should be as "regulation" or "warning", and traffic signals have noted that some colour combinations message and limited variations in shape, size and colour.

In this regard 1. This daytime. For this reason it is recommended that function is termed the "attention conspicuity" of the sign organisations purchasing road signs have an adequate and refers to the ability of a sign to attract attention checking process to ensure that the signface materials when an observer's driver's attention is not specifically used conform to specifications see Sections 1.

These shapes a the signboard material is aluminium; give a better quality of edge definition, and therefore b the sign is a STOP sign R1,or one of its derivatives, in shape recognition, to road signs seen against a which case the colour of the reverse side shall be complex background.

If illustrated in Figure 1. Therefore, the first message to be interpreted by drivers 2 The contrast between the colours used on a sign also on seeing a sign, is the type or class of message that the affects the l e g i b i l i t y of the sign message.

As a sign is to transfer. These contrast ratios can located, and the competition existing for the attention of be reduced to around 4 to 1 for large areas of different drivers. This applies particularly when de- signing and colours.

Chromaticity charts covering the different erecting signs in complex environments such as colours used on road traffic signs are given in Section shopping areas or cit y centres. In such cases the 1.

The the sign. This practice is well established for traffic use of a yellow background for all classes of signals in the form of a black backing board with a TEMPORARY sign is a specific example of this principle white border. Figure 1. When building a n e w r o a d , sign so that: l a n d s c a p i n g can be used to provide a suitable background for signs.

These sizes are noted in Tables 2. The secondary message diameter sign instead of a mm diameter sign, or an portion of selective restriction signs shall use the same increase in conspicuity of five times if a mm background, symbol and border colour code as the main diameter sign is used in place of a mm diameter sign above it.

High visibility signs with their increased one see Subsection 1. This colour code also applies if a luminance. When there is little luminance 8 Figure 4. Guidance Sign Classification for permanent Guidance their colours. It should be noted that there is no distinct signs in colour. Regulatory markings for instance are code for freeway signs, and illustrates the supplementary variously white, yellow and red.

Yellow is, however, code used for the various numbers which may appear only used for regulatory marking applications. Fig 1. Any wider road marking line dimensions shall 3 The above specifications do not cover the manner in not deviate from the required width by more than 10 mm.

Such standards are either shall, when either or both exceeds 1,5 m in length not under development or are provided as part of contract deviate from the lengths specified in Chapter 7 by more documentation or departmental specifications. The longitudinal tolerance for road marking 4 This Manual supplements the standard specifications by line and gap dimensions under 1,5 m in length shall be 50 supplying sufficient detail for the accurate dimensional mm.

It also covers the widths dimension for traffic signal aspects and permits a tolerance and line-to-gap ratios for all road markings.

More specific the message , the significance of which is to be details in this regard are covered in Volume 2. This requirement is covered on a sign-by-sign basis in the available standard details in the form of manuals, standard Regulations and Volumes 1 and 4 of this Manual. Table plans or additional specifications to cover interpretations of 1.

Such action is recommended be accurately specified, AND they should be checked when it is necessary that the colour code used on the sign for compliance with specification. Whilst it can be argued that this requirement applies at all times, the 1.

Table 1. Whilst drawings". The durability tests, the suppliers of materials are effect of these requirements, from a manufacturing and commonly prepared to provide a warranty for the checking point of view, is that the following elements of a above classes of material, provided various regulatory, warning, guidance or information sign shall not conditions are complied with during manufacture. TABLE 1. The manufacturers provide these requires the superimposition of one colour of grades of material with a watermark or other retroreflective material on another, care must be taken permanent identifying mark indicating the class and to ensure that adequate luminance and retroreflective manufacturer of the material.

Whilst there are obvious contrast rates are achieved by the combination of cost implications to the use of Class I, II or Ill materials materials from the sign for the message to be legible.

This SANS The actual coefficient of retroreflection for a will enable effective checking of the quality of the given sample and colour may vary widely from the material supplied and will almost certainly result in a minimum, and for new materials is commonly higher sign life which is cost effective over time. Colour contrast, and therefore legibility, is normally sought by placing a 4 When specifying the manufacture of a road sign, which dark. When mended by the International Commission of Illumination retroreflective materials are used it is possible that, for CIE.

The colour of light reflected from a surface may be instance, a poorer quality white placed on an above defined in terms of its chromaticity co-ordinates "x", "y" and minimum specification green background may result "z", the sum of which is unity. Co-ordinate "x" is an in a low retroreflective colour contrast under indication of the proportion of RED present in the colour illumination at night which may be inadequate for sample, "y" the proportion of GREEN, and "z" the good legibility at night, although the luminance proportion of BLUE.

In effect an object combinations of class of retroreflective material e. As a general rule a contrast sensation. The relative brightness of the object, or its ratio of the coefficients of retroreflection of colours parts, if it has several colours, is expressed as its placed on each other, irrespective of class, is luminance factor s. Thus a light colour will have a high recommended as follows: luminance factor and a dark colour will have a low a for small, finely detailed areas letters and symbols - a luminance factor.

An ordinary surface in the context of minimum ratio for light-to-dark of 7 to 1, with a road signs can be considered as a painted surface. Due to 3,5 to 1, with a preference for 5 to 1; or the internal structure of the retroreflective material recommended retroreflective material class incident light is reflected more or less back along the combinations are given in Table 1. As a result of this, under diffuse daylight illumination, a 1. Only when illuminated by a focused 1 Sign board materials are specified at the discretion of the light source will the surface appear significantly brighter purchaser.

If a road sign is to be fully faced with than a similarly illuminated ordinary surface, because retroreflective materials the sign board or backing material the ordinary surface scatters the light directed on it. The limits of the area are thus namely: defined by four "x" and "y" co-ordinates for each colour. Cut-off values to indicate a need for replacement are not established in all cases but SANS 1 The study of colour is a complex science and beyond the does include an indication of colour change as a scope of this Manual.

However, since the use of colour result of weathering. Equipment capable of measuring is considered fundamental to the functioning of the road the appropriated values is becoming more freely traffic sign system it is worth considering some aspects of available and any authority setting up a road traffic sign the use of colour. This may assist in the understanding management system should initiate a programme of sign of why the use of some colours is more effective than measurement to establish sign life prediction patterns.

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Report this Document. Flag for inappropriate content. Download now. Related titles. Carousel Previous Carousel Next. Jump to Page. Search inside document. Typical of these differences are: i in the recommended system the primary traffic signals are positioned on the far side of junctions, whilst in the alternative system the primary traffic signals are positioned on the near side of the junction; ii in the recommended system the basic traffic signal sequence is red, green, yellow, red, whereas in the alternative system the basic traffic signal sequence is red, red plus yellow, green, yellow, red.

Sarah Joy. Gaurav Kapse. Idu Best. Hanamant Hunashikatti. Praveen Kumar R. Rose Hunter. Jansen Parra. Randall Wiebe. Volume 4 provides complete dimensional details, together with accurate scalable drawings, of all signs, markings and signals, including details of all letter types used on direction signs.

Download Now. View Downloads. Industry Related Information. Road Traffic Signs. Version: Draft. Page 1 of The purpose of road traffic May 1, - 1 Developments in road traffic signing in Southern Africa have increasingly tended towards European practices. Double-lane roundabout with spiral markings. Join Taylor Hicks.